A semi-liquid electricity or gas market is characterised by more than one of the following: an energy exchange has been established, allowing at least spot trading to be carried out, and OTC trading has a range of standardised contracts to offer; the opening of the market is secured by a regulator and network access is possible; there is a wider range of market data available, and new market participants are appearing on the scene.
Regulation
A regulator is in place, but its position is rather weak.
Choice of supplier
The majority of power and gas customers have free choice for their supplier.
Network access
Network access can be negotiated.
Competition
The three biggest market participants have a combined market share of <75%
Trading
Spot trading as well as futures trading (exchange-based or OTC) are established, with an increasing level of liquidity (70 to 400 percent of demand) and more than 30 market players. There is a forward curve which covers at least the next two years and market prices are published.
Market informationen
Market data can be acquired from several sources, but significant information gaps still exist.
Market entry
Trading activities are possible and assets are also an option for market entry.
